{"id":9352,"date":"2022-06-09T08:45:54","date_gmt":"2022-06-09T08:45:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/newtask33.ieabioenergy.com\/?page_id=9352"},"modified":"2022-06-09T08:47:00","modified_gmt":"2022-06-09T08:47:00","slug":"thermal-gasification-of-biomass","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/task33.ieabioenergy.com\/thermal-gasification-of-biomass\/","title":{"rendered":"Thermal Gasification of Biomass"},"content":{"rendered":"
Gasification is a complete thermal breakdown of the biomass particles into a combustible gas, volatiles and ash in an enclosed reactor (gasifier) in the presence of any externally supplied oxidizing agent (air, O2<\/sub>, H2<\/sub>O, CO2<\/sub>, etc.) when equivalent ratio (ER) is < 1. ER = 1 if the stoichiometric amount of oxidising agent is present. Stoichiometric amount is the theoretical amount of air or any other oxidizing agent required to burn the fuel completely.<\/p>\n Gasification is an intermediate step between pyrolysis and combustion. It is a two-step, endothermic process. During the first step the volatile components of the fuel are vaporized at temperatures below 600\u00b0C by a set of complex reactions. No oxygen is needed in this phase of the process.<\/p>\n Hydrocarbon gases, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, tar and water vapour are included in the volatile vapours. Char (fixed carbon) and ash are the by-products of the process which are not vaporized. In the second step, char is gasified through the reactions with oxygen, steam and hydrogen. Some of the unburned char is combusted to release the heat needed for the endothermic gasification reactions.<\/p>\n Main gasification products are gas, char, and tars. Gasification products, their composition and amount are strongly influenced by gasification agent, temperature, pressure, heating rate and fuel characteristics (composition, water content, granulometry). Gaseous products formed during the gasification may be further used for heating or electricity production. The main gas components are CO, CO2<\/sub>, H2<\/sub>O, H2<\/sub>, CH4<\/sub>\u00a0and other hydrocarbons.<\/p>\n